Indus Valley
Urban Planning
Trade & Economy
Arts & Craft
Decline
The Indus Valley Civilization (3300 BCE – 1300 BCE) was one of the world’s earliest urban cultures, flourishing in present-day Pakistan and northwest India..
Cities like Harappa and Mohenjo-daro were laid out in grid patterns with advanced drainage and water supply systems.
The people traded cotton, beads, and pottery with Mesopotamia and other regions, showing a strong economy.
Intricate seals, pottery, and jewelry reveal skilled craftsmanship and artistic expression.
Around 1500 BCE, the civilization declined, possibly due to climate change, floods, or shifting rivers.
